The Basics of Spousal Maintenance in Texas
This is While Texas does recognize the need for (and enforce) spousal maintenance, it is only awarded in specific cases, and it is decided on a case-by-case basis. Below, you can learn more about this maintenance, when the court grants it, and what to do if you have not been receiving court-ordered spousal maintenance.
What is Spousal Maintenance?
In Texas, there are two different types of financial support that one spouse can provide to the other. The first of these is spousal
support, which is something that spouses agree to in a divorce settlement. It is drawn up like a contract and enforced as a contract. On the other hand, spousal
maintenance
is enforceable as a court order, and it is sometimes involuntary. The court can order a spouse to make payments to the other without his or her agreement, but only in certain situations.
When is Spousal Maintenance Awarded in Texas?
When an ex-spouse asks the court to order spousal maintenance, the court examines every situation on a case-by-case basis. There are four situations in which a court can award you spousal support.
- When your ex-spouse has been convicted of family violence offenses. If you request spousal support from an ex-spouse who has been convicted of a family violence offense against you or your child within two years of the divorce, you can ask the courts for spousal maintenance.
- When you can demonstrate your need. In Texas, you will need to show that you have been married for at least 10 years, that you lack property or income to provide for yourself following the divorce, and that you are also disabled, caring for a disabled child, or lacking the ability to earn sufficient income to provide for the minimum reasonable needs of yourself and your children.
- When you can agree on a timeframe. If you and your ex-spouse can agree on the duration of spousal support payments, courts are far more likely to award them.
- When you are a sponsored immigrant. In the event that you are a sponsored immigrant, the Affidavit of Support can be enforced, which requires your ex-spouse to provide you with up to 125% of the Federal Poverty Guidelines until you either earn your citizenship or you have earned 40 credits of work history, whichever comes first.
What to Do if You Aren’t Receiving Court-Ordered Spousal Maintenance
If the Texas courts have ordered your ex-spouse to provide you with spousal maintenance payments but you are not receiving them, it’s helpful to know that Texas enforces such maintenance in much the same way as child support. If your ex-spouse has been ordered to pay but is not making payments, a lawyer can help you file a Motion of Enforcement, which alerts the court to the ex-spouse's nonpayment. At this point, one of several things may occur depending on the ex-spouse’s situation. A judge could issue a withholding order with the non-compliant ex-spouse’s employer, which essentially deducts the amount owed to you from his or her paycheck automatically. For repeat offenses, and in the worst cases, a judge may hold the ex-spouse in contempt of court, which results in large fines and possibly even jail time.
As you can see, the state of Texas takes spousal maintenance very seriously, and it enforces maintenance orders in much the same way as it enforces child support. However, Texas is also very careful to ensure that spousal maintenance payments are fair, which includes limiting the situations in which maintenance payments are awarded and asking the parties to agree to a duration of payments.
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